E-SPEAIT T1 Information Society - Revision history

Kaido.kikkas: Kaido.kikkas moved page E-SPEAIT T4 Information Society to E-SPEAIT T1 Information Society without leaving a redirect: loengute järjekorra muutmine

2024-08-28T10:56:24Z

Kaido.kikkas moved page E-SPEAIT T4 Information Society to E-SPEAIT T1 Information Society without leaving a redirect: loengute järjekorra muutmine

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:56, 28 August 2024
(No difference)

Kaido.kikkas: /* Additional reading */

2023-09-04T19:56:51Z

Additional reading

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	* LEVY, Steven. Hackers: The Heroes of the Computer Revolution. Basic Books 2003, ISBN: 0141000511		* LEVY, Steven. Hackers: The Heroes of the Computer Revolution. Basic Books 2003, ISBN: 0141000511
	* MOROZOV, Evgeny (2011). The Net Delusion: The Dark Side of Internet Freedom. PublicAffairs Books.		* MOROZOV, Evgeny (2011). The Net Delusion: The Dark Side of Internet Freedom. PublicAffairs Books.
			* REDMOND, Paul (2000). The Future of Work. Presentation at the "Future of Work" Conference at Liverpool Hope on 8 June 2000
	* ZUBOFF, Shoshana (2019). The Age of Surveillance Capitalism: The Fight for the Future at the New Frontier of Power. Profile Books 2019.		* ZUBOFF, Shoshana (2019). The Age of Surveillance Capitalism: The Fight for the Future at the New Frontier of Power. Profile Books 2019.
	* THEOBALD, Robert. The Rapids of Change: Social Entrepreneurship in Turbulent Times. Knowledge Systems, Inc. 1987. ISBN: 0941705013		* THEOBALD, Robert. The Rapids of Change: Social Entrepreneurship in Turbulent Times. Knowledge Systems, Inc. 1987. ISBN: 0941705013

Kaido.kikkas: /* Additional reading */

2023-09-04T19:56:12Z

Additional reading

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	== Additional reading ==		== Additional reading ==

			* ANDREJEVIC, Mark (2007). iSpy: Surveillance and Power in the Interactive Era. University Press of Kansas.
	* BENKLER, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms Markets and Freedom. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2006, ISBN: 0300110561 http://www.benkler.org/Benkler_Wealth_Of_Networks.pdf		* BENKLER, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms Markets and Freedom. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2006, ISBN: 0300110561 http://www.benkler.org/Benkler_Wealth_Of_Networks.pdf
	* CASTELLS, Manuel, CARDOSO, Gustavo (eds). The Network Society: From Knowledge to Policy. Johns Hopkins Center for Transatlantic Relations 2006, ISBN:09756643456		* CASTELLS, Manuel, CARDOSO, Gustavo (eds). The Network Society: From Knowledge to Policy. Johns Hopkins Center for Transatlantic Relations 2006, ISBN:09756643456
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	* HIMANEN, Pekka. [https://www.eduskunta.fi/FI/naineduskuntatoimii/julkaisut/Documents/tuvje_1+2004.pdf Challenges of the Global Information Society. Report to the Parliament of Finland, 2004]		* HIMANEN, Pekka. [https://www.eduskunta.fi/FI/naineduskuntatoimii/julkaisut/Documents/tuvje_1+2004.pdf Challenges of the Global Information Society. Report to the Parliament of Finland, 2004]
	* LEVY, Steven. Hackers: The Heroes of the Computer Revolution. Basic Books 2003, ISBN: 0141000511		* LEVY, Steven. Hackers: The Heroes of the Computer Revolution. Basic Books 2003, ISBN: 0141000511
			* MOROZOV, Evgeny (2011). The Net Delusion: The Dark Side of Internet Freedom. PublicAffairs Books.
			* ZUBOFF, Shoshana (2019). The Age of Surveillance Capitalism: The Fight for the Future at the New Frontier of Power. Profile Books 2019.
	* THEOBALD, Robert. The Rapids of Change: Social Entrepreneurship in Turbulent Times. Knowledge Systems, Inc. 1987. ISBN: 0941705013		* THEOBALD, Robert. The Rapids of Change: Social Entrepreneurship in Turbulent Times. Knowledge Systems, Inc. 1987. ISBN: 0941705013
	* THEOBALD, Robert. Reworking Success: New Communities at the Millennium. New Society Publishers 1997, ISBN: 0865713677		* THEOBALD, Robert. Reworking Success: New Communities at the Millennium. New Society Publishers 1997, ISBN: 0865713677


	== Study & Write ==		== Study & Write ==

Kaido.kikkas: /* Work and career */

2023-09-04T19:54:01Z

Work and career

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	\|}		\|}

	As seen from the table, the keyword is 'flexibility'. Even in Japan, where 'a job for life' was a rule for long (a Samurai did not change his master!) and people sometimes still identify themselves via the company ("I'm a Mitsubishi man"), the increasingly global capitalism has forced changes in workforce much more frequently than it used to be in this tradition-loving society. So the job market of the future will be ruled by those young people who combine their good base education with open thinking and readiness to learn new things. ~~The~~ [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McJob McJob] popularized by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douglas_Coupland Douglas Coupland] will perhaps back off, but not disappear - it will keep preying on those who lack the qualities mentioned above.		As seen from the table, the keyword is 'flexibility'. Even in Japan, where 'a job for life' was a rule for long (a Samurai did not change his master!) and people sometimes still identify themselves via the company ("I'm a Mitsubishi man"), the increasingly global capitalism has forced changes in workforce much more frequently than it used to be in this tradition-loving society. So the job market of the future will be ruled by those young people who combine their good base education with open thinking and readiness to learn new things.

			As a cautionary note, the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McJob McJob] popularized by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Douglas_Coupland Douglas Coupland] will perhaps back off, but not disappear - it will keep preying on those who lack the qualities mentioned above. And these jobs do exist in information society as well - perhaps most directly, it may mean the customer service in a low-grade computer store. But it can also include more shady sectors (e.g. spammers and scammers, professional trolls etc).

	== The new way of working ==		== The new way of working ==

Kaido.kikkas: /* Work/employment */

2023-09-04T19:50:55Z

Work/employment

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	=== Work~~/employment~~ ===		=== Work and career ===

	Already in the Future of Work Conference at Liverpool Hope University back in 2000, Dr Paul Redmond outlined some interesting tendencies of future society. Regrettably the presentation which was online at http://www.hope.ac.uk/careers/mchtm/future2.htm for a while have been removed by now, but it's still [https://web.archive.org/web/20020226071258/http://www.hope.ac.uk/careers/mchtm/future2.htm available via the Wayback Machine]. While we can - at least somewhat - substitute the "traditional" with "past" and "future" with "present" by now, the comparison is still much to the point.		Already in the Future of Work Conference at Liverpool Hope University back in 2000, Dr Paul Redmond outlined some interesting tendencies of future society. Regrettably the presentation which was online at http://www.hope.ac.uk/careers/mchtm/future2.htm for a while have been removed by now, but it's still [https://web.archive.org/web/20020226071258/http://www.hope.ac.uk/careers/mchtm/future2.htm available via the Wayback Machine]. While we can - at least somewhat - substitute the "traditional" with "past" and "future" with "present" by now, the comparison is still much to the point.

Kaido.kikkas: /* Vital skills */

2023-09-04T19:50:33Z

Vital skills

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	== Vital skills ==		== Vital skills ==

			=== Education ===

	The educational landscape of the 21st century will probably become very diverse. While all possible 'alternatives' keep thriving ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waldorf_education Steiner/Waldorf], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montessori_education Montessori] etc), some will advocate return to strict Prussian models (note: it is also possible to run otherwise very traditional education via technology, e.g. e-learning!). The models may form an open market where success is measured by positive and negative feedback. Whatever the model, almost everyone seems to agree with the concept of lifelong learning. No one can be pronounced 'complete' anymore.		The educational landscape of the 21st century will probably become very diverse. While all possible 'alternatives' keep thriving ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waldorf_education Steiner/Waldorf], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montessori_education Montessori] etc), some will advocate return to strict Prussian models (note: it is also possible to run otherwise very traditional education via technology, e.g. e-learning!). The models may form an open market where success is measured by positive and negative feedback. Whatever the model, almost everyone seems to agree with the concept of lifelong learning. No one can be pronounced 'complete' anymore.

	Education will move towards greater personalization. Traditional 'same time, same place' teaching model is increasingly contested by 'same time, different place' (synchronous, often audio/video based e-learning), 'same place, different time' (correspondence learning; centralized e-learning) and 'different time, different place' (asynchronous, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massive_open_online_course MOOC]-like models) -models.		Education will move towards greater personalization. Traditional 'same time, same place' teaching model is increasingly contested by 'same time, different place' (synchronous, often audio/video based e-learning), 'same place, different time' (correspondence learning; centralized e-learning) and 'different time, different place' (asynchronous, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massive_open_online_course MOOC]-like models) -models.

			As a potential threat to the wider academic freedom (or freedom of thought and expression in education), the recent onslaught of ideology (from opposite ends of the political spectrum) should be outlined. The main problem is that while the general public knows of (and disagrees with) persecution of heretics in the Middle Ages, hunting of 'enemies of the people' in the Soviet Russia and some similar contemporary things (a rather recent example is [https://apnews.com/article/saudi-arabia-death-sentence-twitter-a2b5549806605d1d21f332ac4c36e43f here]), some other processes (where people get persecuted based on their ideas and opinions) are either ignored or excused (a prime example is the so-called [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancel_culture cancel culture]).


			=== Work/employment ===

	Already in the Future of Work Conference at Liverpool Hope University back in 2000, Dr Paul Redmond outlined some interesting tendencies of future society. Regrettably the presentation which was online at http://www.hope.ac.uk/careers/mchtm/future2.htm for a while have been removed by now, but it's still [https://web.archive.org/web/20020226071258/http://www.hope.ac.uk/careers/mchtm/future2.htm available via the Wayback Machine]. While we can - at least somewhat - substitute the "traditional" with "past" and "future" with "present" by now, the comparison is still much to the point.		Already in the Future of Work Conference at Liverpool Hope University back in 2000, Dr Paul Redmond outlined some interesting tendencies of future society. Regrettably the presentation which was online at http://www.hope.ac.uk/careers/mchtm/future2.htm for a while have been removed by now, but it's still [https://web.archive.org/web/20020226071258/http://www.hope.ac.uk/careers/mchtm/future2.htm available via the Wayback Machine]. While we can - at least somewhat - substitute the "traditional" with "past" and "future" with "present" by now, the comparison is still much to the point.

Kaido.kikkas at 19:43, 4 September 2023

2023-09-04T19:43:06Z

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	* '''timeless time''' - in a networked society, time becomes relative (e.g. we can chat in the Net in real time with someone from the other side of the globe - she has morning while we have evening).		* '''timeless time''' - in a networked society, time becomes relative (e.g. we can chat in the Net in real time with someone from the other side of the globe - she has morning while we have evening).
	* '''space of flows''' - social processes will become dependent on things similar to the atmospheric phenomena like winds and streams - flows of technology, capital and information.		* '''space of flows''' - social processes will become dependent on things similar to the atmospheric phenomena like winds and streams - flows of technology, capital and information.


	== Vital skills ==		== Vital skills ==

	The educational landscape of the 21st century will probably become very diverse. While all possible 'alternatives' keep thriving (Waldorf, Montessori etc), some will advocate return to strict Prussian models (note: it is also possible to run otherwise very traditional education via technology, e.g. e-learning!). Whatever the model, almost everyone seems to agree with the concept of lifelong learning. No one can be pronounced 'complete' anymore.		The educational landscape of the 21st century will probably become very diverse. While all possible 'alternatives' keep thriving ([https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waldorf_education Steiner/Waldorf], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montessori_education Montessori] etc), some will advocate return to strict Prussian models (note: it is also possible to run otherwise very traditional education via technology, e.g. e-learning!). The models may form an open market where success is measured by positive and negative feedback. Whatever the model, almost everyone seems to agree with the concept of lifelong learning. No one can be pronounced 'complete' anymore.

	Education will move towards greater personalization. Traditional 'same time, same place' teaching model is increasingly contested by 'same time, different place' (~~tech~~-~~supported distance~~ learning), 'same place, different time' (correspondence learning; centralized~~, but web~~-~~based~~ learning) and 'different time, different place' -models.		Education will move towards greater personalization. Traditional 'same time, same place' teaching model is increasingly contested by 'same time, different place' (synchronous, often audio/video based e-learning), 'same place, different time' (correspondence learning; centralized e-learning) and 'different time, different place' (asynchronous, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massive_open_online_course MOOC]-like models) -models.

	Already in the Future of Work Conference at Liverpool Hope University back in 2000, Dr Paul Redmond outlined some interesting tendencies of future society. Regrettably the presentation which was online at http://www.hope.ac.uk/careers/mchtm/future2.htm for a while have been removed by now, but it's still [https://web.archive.org/web/20020226071258/http://www.hope.ac.uk/careers/mchtm/future2.htm available via the Wayback Machine]. While we can - at least somewhat - substitute the "traditional" with "past" and "future" with "present" by now, the comparison is still much to the point.		Already in the Future of Work Conference at Liverpool Hope University back in 2000, Dr Paul Redmond outlined some interesting tendencies of future society. Regrettably the presentation which was online at http://www.hope.ac.uk/careers/mchtm/future2.htm for a while have been removed by now, but it's still [https://web.archive.org/web/20020226071258/http://www.hope.ac.uk/careers/mchtm/future2.htm available via the Wayback Machine]. While we can - at least somewhat - substitute the "traditional" with "past" and "future" with "present" by now, the comparison is still much to the point.

Kaido.kikkas: /* "May you live in interesting times!" */

2023-09-04T19:38:35Z

"May you live in interesting times!"

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	== "May you live in interesting times!" ==		== "May you live in interesting times!" ==

			The title is an old Chinese curse... While it may at first seem harmless and even positive (would boring times be better?), one should think of which periods in history were the most interesting to study at school - likely those where a lot of such things happened that we would rather not witness in person.

	Theobald has used the metaphor of immigration - ''we all are immigrants to the new kind of society'' (and the term got a new lease long after being used by Theobald, in the notion of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_immigrant digital natives vs immigrants]). The old saying "let the young study, the old ones know" is not valid anymore. The process of learning will more and more shift from the previous, hierarchical model towards the network model (the process is well described by Pekka Himanen as the ''network academy''). No more is a wise sage sitting on the stage, in front of a bunch of humble disciples - the process of learning becomes increasingly bidirectional. The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constructivism_%28learning_theory%29 constructivist] (and later [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connectivism connectivist]) approach to learning, where knowledge is constructed individually from small pieces of wisdom (quite like building a LEGO) will probably become mainstream.		Theobald has used the metaphor of immigration - ''we all are immigrants to the new kind of society'' (and the term got a new lease long after being used by Theobald, in the notion of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_immigrant digital natives vs immigrants]). The old saying "let the young study, the old ones know" is not valid anymore. The process of learning will more and more shift from the previous, hierarchical model towards the network model (the process is well described by Pekka Himanen as the ''network academy''). No more is a wise sage sitting on the stage, in front of a bunch of humble disciples - the process of learning becomes increasingly bidirectional. The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constructivism_%28learning_theory%29 constructivist] (and later [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connectivism connectivist]) approach to learning, where knowledge is constructed individually from small pieces of wisdom (quite like building a LEGO) will probably become mainstream.

	All people will need to master the art of surviving and controlling ''mindquakes''. A mindquake (or mind-quake)<ref>THEOBALD, Robert. The Rapids of Change: Social Entrepreneurship in Turbulent Times, p. 82</ref> is a concept by Robert Theobald, meaning a certain point in the process of change where the old model and old understanding lose their meaning - a new one must be obtained or constructed (to borrow from the famous parodist [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%22Weird_Al%22_Yankovic Weird Al Yankovic] - "Everything You Know Is Wrong!"). Above all, it means the skill to cut and divide the major quakes into smaller ones that are easier to contain (just as we use the staircase not to be forced to jump from the third floor)~~. The old Chinese curse "May you live in interesting times!" can and should be turned into a blessing~~.		All people will need to master the art of surviving and controlling ''mindquakes''. A mindquake (or mind-quake)<ref>THEOBALD, Robert. The Rapids of Change: Social Entrepreneurship in Turbulent Times, p. 82</ref> is a concept by Robert Theobald, meaning a certain point in the process of change where the old model and old understanding lose their meaning - a new one must be obtained or constructed (to borrow from the famous parodist [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%22Weird_Al%22_Yankovic Weird Al Yankovic] - "Everything You Know Is Wrong!"). Above all, it means the skill to cut and divide the major quakes into smaller ones that are easier to contain (just as we use the staircase not to be forced to jump from the third floor).

	~~An important point~~ in the ~~gradual change of values is~~ also ~~the reduction~~ of the ~~materialism~~ and 'the ~~Cult~~ of ~~Getting Stuff'~~. ~~For instance~~, ~~some time ago~~ in ~~Estonia there was an (ironic) ad campaign titled "The one who has the most stuff~~ at the ~~moment of death will win!"~~ - ~~this mentality will hopefully give way to valuing~~ the ~~quality of life. The~~ focus ~~will move to~~ the person ~~with his/her special traits, skills and preferences - not~~ as a ~~kind~~ of ~~extreme individualism but rather~~ the ~~realization that personal perfection can only be achieved through interaction with others~~.		As a positive kind of mindquake, we could mention the new development, production and business models that Himanen and Benkler write about in their books. Himanen in his ''Hacker Ethic'' suggests that these are a product of a mindset that has been dominating among the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hacker_%28programmer_subculture%29 classical Internet hacker culture] from the very beginning (see also Levy<ref>LEVY, Steven. Hackers: The Heroes of the Computer Revolution. Basic Books 2003, ISBN: 0141000511</ref> and Himanen<ref>HIMANEN, Pekka. The Hacker Ethic and the Spirit of the Information Age. Vintage Books 2001, ISBN: 0099426927</ref>). We will discuss this 'classical hackerdom' later in our course as well - but it can be described as individualistic and collective at the same time - the individual is important, but the focus is on the person as a community member. Interestingly, the mindset has also been effective in countering another recent set of mindquakes caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.

	Interestingly, this somewhat philosophical reasoning comes down to the mindset that has been dominating among the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hacker_%28programmer_subculture%29 classical Internet hacker culture] from the very beginning (see also Levy<ref>LEVY, Steven. Hackers: The Heroes of the Computer Revolution. Basic Books 2003, ISBN: 0141000511</ref> and Himanen<ref>HIMANEN, Pekka. The Hacker Ethic and the Spirit of the Information Age. Vintage Books 2001, ISBN: 0099426927</ref>). We will discuss this 'classical hackerdom' later in our course as well.

	(Another personal thought: yet, it might be not as simple as Theobald suggests. There is a quote that is usually attributed to [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Malraux Andre Malraux], a French writer and the Minister of Cultural Affairs in France after the WWII - "the 21st century will be religious, or it will not be"<ref>https://theweek.com/articles/555371/why-religion-dominate-21st-century</ref>. While religions have caused their share of hassle in history and in some versions continue to do that, the almost total secularism of the late 20th and early 21th century has been remarkably more successful in producing alienation, hedonism and nihilism in the Western civilization along with some ideologies that are pseudo-religious in nature. Some kind of balance is sorely needed. - KK)		== Those old paradoxes ==

	Starting already in the 70s, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Handy Charles Handy] has formulated in his writings the nine paradoxes evident in the society to come. While they are initially put into the context of management, they may well be looked at in a wider manner. An abridged text available online<ref>http://pages.ca.inter.net/~jhwalsh/enpara.html</ref> lists them as follows:		Starting already in the 70s, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Handy Charles Handy] has formulated in his writings the nine paradoxes evident in the society to come. While they are initially put into the context of management, they may well be looked at in a wider manner. An abridged text available online<ref>http://pages.ca.inter.net/~jhwalsh/enpara.html</ref> lists them as follows:
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	** the most powerful political message is a negative message		** the most powerful political message is a negative message
	** the best negative message is ruining the opponent's personality. Thus, the politics will become even more dirty and unpleasant than it is now.		** the best negative message is ruining the opponent's personality. Thus, the politics will become even more dirty and unpleasant than it is now.

	* '''timeless time''' - in a networked society, time becomes relative (e.g. we can chat in the Net in real time with someone from the other side of the globe - she has morning while we have evening).		* '''timeless time''' - in a networked society, time becomes relative (e.g. we can chat in the Net in real time with someone from the other side of the globe - she has morning while we have evening).
	* '''space of flows''' - social processes will become dependent on things similar to the atmospheric phenomena like winds and streams - flows of technology, capital and information.		* '''space of flows''' - social processes will become dependent on things similar to the atmospheric phenomena like winds and streams - flows of technology, capital and information.

	Note: Himanen has quite an interesting comparison resulting from looking at three very different thinkers who dealt with social processes - Karl Marx, Max Weber and Manuel Castells (and himself). On one hand, every next one of them opposes to the previous one, on the other hand, all three are hard critics of classical Capitalism. Yet, this does not need to mean that anyone of them is actually right - but it illustrates rather well that things are not always so 'cut and dried' as it may seem at first.

	== Vital skills ==		== Vital skills ==

Kaido.kikkas at 19:24, 4 September 2023

2023-09-04T19:24:54Z

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	The "white" scenarios of information society focus on the positive role of technology, including e.g. wider and more various possibilities for communication, the "global village", new business and distribution models (including also the return of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hacker_culture old-school hackerdom] in the form of Free Software and Open Source movements), the "commoner's media" (that ideally could successfully counterbalance traditional channels and their biases) etc. The "black" scenarios warn of technology becoming a tool for authoritarian regimes (perhaps the best-known example is the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Shield_Project Golden Shield] in China); another large problem is often outlined in the 'information => money => power' chain (Google, Meta, Twitter/X, Microsoft etc).		The "white" scenarios of information society focus on the positive role of technology, including e.g. wider and more various possibilities for communication, the "global village", new business and distribution models (including also the return of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hacker_culture old-school hackerdom] in the form of Free Software and Open Source movements), the "commoner's media" (that ideally could successfully counterbalance traditional channels and their biases) etc. The "black" scenarios warn of technology becoming a tool for authoritarian regimes (perhaps the best-known example is the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Shield_Project Golden Shield] in China); another large problem is often outlined in the 'information => money => power' chain (Google, Meta, Twitter/X, Microsoft etc).


			== "May you live in interesting times!" ==

	Theobald has used the metaphor of immigration - ''we all are immigrants to the new kind of society'' (and the term got a new lease long after being used by Theobald, in the notion of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_immigrant digital natives vs immigrants]). The old saying "let the young study, the old ones know" is not valid anymore. The process of learning will more and more shift from the previous, hierarchical model towards the network model (the process is well described by Pekka Himanen as the ''network academy''). No more is a wise sage sitting on the stage, in front of a bunch of humble disciples - the process of learning becomes increasingly bidirectional. The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constructivism_%28learning_theory%29 constructivist] (and later [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connectivism connectivist]) approach to learning, where knowledge is constructed individually from small pieces of wisdom (quite like building a LEGO) will probably become mainstream.		Theobald has used the metaphor of immigration - ''we all are immigrants to the new kind of society'' (and the term got a new lease long after being used by Theobald, in the notion of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_immigrant digital natives vs immigrants]). The old saying "let the young study, the old ones know" is not valid anymore. The process of learning will more and more shift from the previous, hierarchical model towards the network model (the process is well described by Pekka Himanen as the ''network academy''). No more is a wise sage sitting on the stage, in front of a bunch of humble disciples - the process of learning becomes increasingly bidirectional. The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constructivism_%28learning_theory%29 constructivist] (and later [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connectivism connectivist]) approach to learning, where knowledge is constructed individually from small pieces of wisdom (quite like building a LEGO) will probably become mainstream.

Kaido.kikkas at 19:23, 4 September 2023

2023-09-04T19:23:36Z

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	* as seen from the news, even the most stubborn politicians are starting to admit that the planet has got its limits. The brute force (or brute money) approach is becoming increasingly ineffective.		* as seen from the news, even the most stubborn politicians are starting to admit that the planet has got its limits. The brute force (or brute money) approach is becoming increasingly ineffective.

	This text has taken a number of writings by some wise people as its starting point - including [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Theobald Robert Theobald] (''The Rapids of Change''), [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Handy Charles Handy] (''The Future of Work''), [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pekka_Himanen Pekka Himanen] (''Hacker Ethic''), [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuel_Castells Manuel Castells], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vint_Cerf Vint Cerf] and other thinkers.		Also, on the one hand, it is now possible to do things that were impossible earlier (a simple example: producing professional-grade audio and/or video from one's bedroom at home) - but on the other hand, greed and hunger to power can also be empowered by technology.

			This text has taken a number of writings by some wise people as its starting point - including [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Theobald Robert Theobald] ("The Rapids of Change"), [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Handy Charles Handy] ("The Future of Work", "The Age of Paradox" etc), [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pekka_Himanen Pekka Himanen] ("Hacker Ethic"), [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoshana_Zuboff Shoshana Zuboff] ("The Age of Surveillance Capitalism"), [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evgeny_Morozov Evgeny Morozov] ("The Net Delusion"), [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yochai_Benkler Yochai Benkler] ("The Wealth of Networks"), [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuel_Castells Manuel Castells], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vint_Cerf Vint Cerf] and other thinkers (including both enthusiasts and skeptics - the "white" side is stressed by e.g. Himanen and Benkler, while Morozov and Zuboff remain skeptical.

			The "white" scenarios of information society focus on the positive role of technology, including e.g. wider and more various possibilities for communication, the "global village", new business and distribution models (including also the return of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hacker_culture old-school hackerdom] in the form of Free Software and Open Source movements), the "commoner's media" (that ideally could successfully counterbalance traditional channels and their biases) etc. The "black" scenarios warn of technology becoming a tool for authoritarian regimes (perhaps the best-known example is the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Shield_Project Golden Shield] in China); another large problem is often outlined in the 'information => money => power' chain (Google, Meta, Twitter/X, Microsoft etc).

	Theobald has used the metaphor of immigration - ''we all are immigrants to the new kind of society'' (and the term got a new lease long after being used by Theobald, in the notion of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_immigrant digital natives vs immigrants]). The old saying "let the young study, the old ones know" is not valid anymore. The process of learning will more and more shift from the previous, hierarchical model towards the network model (the process is well described by Pekka Himanen as the ''network academy''). No more is a wise sage sitting on the stage, in front of a bunch of humble disciples - the process of learning becomes increasingly bidirectional. The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constructivism_%28learning_theory%29 constructivist] (and later [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connectivism connectivist]) approach to learning, where knowledge is constructed individually from small pieces of wisdom (quite like building a LEGO) will probably become mainstream.		Theobald has used the metaphor of immigration - ''we all are immigrants to the new kind of society'' (and the term got a new lease long after being used by Theobald, in the notion of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_immigrant digital natives vs immigrants]). The old saying "let the young study, the old ones know" is not valid anymore. The process of learning will more and more shift from the previous, hierarchical model towards the network model (the process is well described by Pekka Himanen as the ''network academy''). No more is a wise sage sitting on the stage, in front of a bunch of humble disciples - the process of learning becomes increasingly bidirectional. The [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constructivism_%28learning_theory%29 constructivist] (and later [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connectivism connectivist]) approach to learning, where knowledge is constructed individually from small pieces of wisdom (quite like building a LEGO) will probably become mainstream.