Web 3.0: Definition, Opportunities and Challenges - Revision history

Phdavr at 14:31, 2 May 2022

2022-05-02T14:31:54Z

Phdavr at 14:13, 2 May 2022

2022-05-02T14:13:34Z

Phdavr at 14:03, 2 May 2022

2022-05-02T14:03:39Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:03, 2 May 2022
Line 4:		Line 4:

	=== Tim Berners-Lee and Semantic Web ===		=== Tim Berners-Lee and Semantic Web ===
	The first concept concerning the new iteration of the web belongs to the creator of Tim Berners-Lee. In his 2001 paper, he mentioned the concept of the ‘Semantic Web’<ref>Available at https://web.archive.org/web/20171010210556/https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/566c/1c6bd366b4c9e07fc37eb372771690d5ba31.pdf </ref>. This is a vision of the web where computers can understand and interpret the context of data which will make the search more enhanced and intuitive. Tim Berners Lee expressed his view of the semantic web as follows:		The first concept concerning the new iteration of the web belongs to the creator of Tim Berners-Lee. In his 2001 paper, he mentioned the concept of the ‘Semantic Web’<ref>Tim Berners-Lee, James Hendler and Ora Lassila(May 17, 2001). ‘The Semantic Web’ Available at: Available at https://web.archive.org/web/20171010210556/https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/566c/1c6bd366b4c9e07fc37eb372771690d5ba31.pdf Retrieved: 1 May, 2022 </ref>. This is a vision of the web where computers can understand and interpret the context of data which will make the search more enhanced and intuitive. Tim Berners Lee expressed his view of the semantic web as follows:

	''I have a dream for the Web [in which computers] become capable of analyzing all the data on the Web – the content, links, and transactions between people and computers. A "Semantic Web", which makes this possible, has yet to emerge, but when it does, the day-to-day mechanisms of trade, bureaucracy, and our daily lives will be handled by machines talking to machines. The "intelligent agents" people have touted for ages will finally materialize.[9]''		''I have a dream for the Web [in which computers] become capable of analyzing all the data on the Web – the content, links, and transactions between people and computers. A "Semantic Web", which makes this possible, has yet to emerge, but when it does, the day-to-day mechanisms of trade, bureaucracy, and our daily lives will be handled by machines talking to machines. The "intelligent agents" people have touted for ages will finally materialize.[9]''

Gimegr at 22:27, 1 May 2022

2022-05-01T22:27:02Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:27, 2 May 2022
Line 147:		Line 147:
	To understand this main difference I think it is worth giving an example: The title of your car is a token, when you sell your car, you transfer the value of the title to another person. However, you cannot buy anything with the title of your car.		To understand this main difference I think it is worth giving an example: The title of your car is a token, when you sell your car, you transfer the value of the title to another person. However, you cannot buy anything with the title of your car.
	Once this difference is understood, we can get an idea of how ownerships would work in Web 3.0. As I said at the beginning, the owners will be the people who have the tokens for each project.		Once this difference is understood, we can get an idea of how ownerships would work in Web 3.0. As I said at the beginning, the owners will be the people who have the tokens for each project.
	Other terminologies<ref> Available at ] https://connect.comptia.org/content/articles/blockchain-terminology </ref>: - Public/Private key: a public key is a unique string of characters derived from a private key that is used to encrypt a message or data. The private key is used to decrypt that message. - Smart contracts: self-executing computer code deployed on a blockchain to perform a function, the simplest action that can be done with a smart contract is an exchange of value between a buyer and a seller.		Other terminologies<ref> Available at https://connect.comptia.org/content/articles/blockchain-terminology </ref>: - Public/Private key: a public key is a unique string of characters derived from a private key that is used to encrypt a message or data. The private key is used to decrypt that message. - Smart contracts: self-executing computer code deployed on a blockchain to perform a function, the simplest action that can be done with a smart contract is an exchange of value between a buyer and a seller.

	=== Benefits and Perspectives ===		=== Benefits and Perspectives ===

Gimegr at 22:23, 1 May 2022

2022-05-01T22:23:07Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:23, 2 May 2022
Line 165:		Line 165:

	== References ==		== References ==
	[1] Tim Berners-Lee, James Hendler, and Ora Lassila(May 17, 2001). ‘The Semantic Web’ Available at: https://web.archive.org/web/20171010210556/https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/566c/1c6bd366b4c9e07fc37eb372771690d5ba31.pdf Retrieved: 1 May 2022
	~~[2] John Markoff(Nov.12, 2006,) The New York Times. ‘Entrepreneurs See a Web Guided by Common Sense’. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/2006/11/12/business/12web.html Retrieved: 1 May 2022~~
	~~[3]~~
	~~Gilad Edelman (Nov 29, 2021). ‘The Father of Web3 Wants You to Trust Less’. Available at: https://www.wired.com/story/web3-gavin-wood-interview/. Retrieved: 1 May 2022~~
	~~[4] https://webfoundation.org/about/vision/history-of-the-web/ Retrieved: 1 May 2022~~
	~~[5] https://sciencenode.org/feature/a-brief-history-of-the-internet-.php Retrieved: 1 May 2022~~
	~~[6] https://digitalgyan.org/what-is-web-1-0-web-2-0-web-3-0-web-4-0-web-5-0/~~
	~~Shukla 14/01/2022. Retrieved: 25 April 2022~~
	~~[7]https://web.archive.org/web/20200514194258/https://thebytestory.com/2018/11/09/a-short-history-on-web-technologies/ Retrieved: 25 April 2022~~
	~~[8]https://web.archive.org/web/20160424124719/http://www.oxfordu.net/web-design/office/proprietary.html Retrieved: 25 April 2022~~
	~~[9] [10] Key differences between Web 1.0 and Web 2.0~~
	~~by Graham Cormode and Balachander Krishnamurthy~~
	~~First Monday, Volume 13 Number 6 - 2 June 2008~~
	~~Available at: https://firstmonday.org/article/view/2125/1972~~
	~~Retrieved: 25 April 2022~~
	~~[11]https://www.ieplexus.com/solutions/social-media/microsoft-article-web-2-0-marketing-for-businesses-what-it-can-do-for-you/ Retrieved: 25 April 2022~~
	~~[12]https://www.bit-tech.net/blogs/web_2_privacy/1/ Retrieved: 25 April 2022~~
	~~[13] Riaan Rudman and Rikus Bruwer (February 2016). Defining Web 3.0: Opportunities and challenges. The Electronic Library 34(1):132-154~~
	~~Retrieved: 25 April 2022~~

	~~[14]https://news.abplive.com/business/crypto/what-is-the-difference-between-crypto-coins-and-crypto-tokens-here-are-the-details-1507844 Retrieved: 25 April 2022~~
	~~[15] https://connect.comptia.org/content/articles/blockchain-terminology Retrieved: 25 April 2022~~

Gimegr at 22:16, 1 May 2022

2022-05-01T22:16:22Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:16, 2 May 2022
Line 143:		Line 143:
	=== Tokens ===		=== Tokens ===
	A good definition of Web 3.0 is the Internet owned by the builders and the users, orchestrated with tokens.		A good definition of Web 3.0 is the Internet owned by the builders and the users, orchestrated with tokens.
	These tokens are part of the cryptocurrencies of today. For every project that is created, there is also a token corresponding to it. Cryptocurrencies and tokens are not the same. "All coins are considered tokens but all tokens are not coins in the crypto industry, according to industry experts"<ref> Available at https://news.abplive.com/business/crypto/what-is-the-difference-between-crypto-coins-and-crypto-tokens-here-are-the-details-1507844 </ref>.		These tokens are part of the cryptocurrencies of today. For every project that is created, there is also a token corresponding to it. Cryptocurrencies and tokens are not the same. "All coins are considered tokens but all tokens are not coins in the crypto industry, according to industry experts<ref> Available at https://news.abplive.com/business/crypto/what-is-the-difference-between-crypto-coins-and-crypto-tokens-here-are-the-details-1507844 </ref>".
	The big difference is that cryptocurrencies represent a medium of exchange, it comes native with the Blockchain. Tokens, on the other hand, represent an asset handled by smart contracts. A token represents what a person has, while a crypto coin represents what he or she is capable of owning.		The big difference is that cryptocurrencies represent a medium of exchange, it comes native with the Blockchain. Tokens, on the other hand, represent an asset handled by smart contracts. A token represents what a person has, while a crypto coin represents what he or she is capable of owning.
	To understand this main difference I think it is worth giving an example: The title of your car is a token, when you sell your car, you transfer the value of the title to another person. However, you cannot buy anything with the title of your car.		To understand this main difference I think it is worth giving an example: The title of your car is a token, when you sell your car, you transfer the value of the title to another person. However, you cannot buy anything with the title of your car.

Gimegr at 22:13, 1 May 2022

2022-05-01T22:13:03Z

Gimegr at 21:39, 1 May 2022

2022-05-01T21:39:13Z

Show changes

Gimegr at 21:05, 1 May 2022

2022-05-01T21:05:27Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:05, 2 May 2022
Line 70:		Line 70:
	=== Web 1.0 vs Web 2.0 vs Web 3.0 ===		=== Web 1.0 vs Web 2.0 vs Web 3.0 ===
	Web1.0 is primarily a “read-only’ one-dimensional site where the contents of the webpage are static and not interactive. The evolution of the internet in Web2.0 emphasizes the interoperability of user-created content where users are encouraged to collaborate in a flexible web environment. Compared to Web1.0 and 2.0, Web3.0 builds on the lessons learned in improving the pitfalls of information overload, internet security, and data privacy.		Web1.0 is primarily a “read-only’ one-dimensional site where the contents of the webpage are static and not interactive. The evolution of the internet in Web2.0 emphasizes the interoperability of user-created content where users are encouraged to collaborate in a flexible web environment. Compared to Web1.0 and 2.0, Web3.0 builds on the lessons learned in improving the pitfalls of information overload, internet security, and data privacy.
	[[File:~~Example~~.~~jpg~~]]
			[[File:Web123.webp\|300px\|thumb\|left\|alt text]]

	== Main Features of Web 3.0 ==		== Main Features of Web 3.0 ==

Phdavr at 20:59, 1 May 2022

2022-05-01T20:59:47Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:59, 1 May 2022
Line 1:		Line 1:
	~~[[File:Example.jpg]]~~'''''Web 3.0''''' is the next iteration of the internet that will redefine the way we interact with the web. It promises to bring massive changes and calls for the reconstruction of IT infrastructure and the Internet. Web 3.0 incorporates concepts of decentralization, trust lessness, artificial intelligence, semantic web, etc		'''''Web 3.0''''' is the next iteration of the internet that will redefine the way we interact with the web. It promises to bring massive changes and calls for the reconstruction of IT infrastructure and the Internet. Web 3.0 incorporates concepts of decentralization, trust lessness, artificial intelligence, semantic web, etc
	== Definitions==		== Definitions==
	Since Web 3.0 has not yet been implemented and is not embedded in the internet infrastructure, there is no solid definition of it. There are different perspectives on the future of the web, which lead to the confusion about terms Web3, Web 3.0, Semantic Web, and Spatial Web. The majority of articles and research papers on this topic talk about Web 3.0 either in blockchain and decentralized web context, or in the context of the Semantic Web. Because of this different interpretation of terms, it can lead to misunderstanding in readers and may also contribute to the general vagueness around Web 3.0.		Since Web 3.0 has not yet been implemented and is not embedded in the internet infrastructure, there is no solid definition of it. There are different perspectives on the future of the web, which lead to the confusion about terms Web3, Web 3.0, Semantic Web, and Spatial Web. The majority of articles and research papers on this topic talk about Web 3.0 either in blockchain and decentralized web context, or in the context of the Semantic Web. Because of this different interpretation of terms, it can lead to misunderstanding in readers and may also contribute to the general vagueness around Web 3.0.

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:31, 2 May 2022
Line 43:		Line 43:
	What was shown was only the number of visits the page had and often these web pages were hosted on ISP-owned web servers<ref>https://digitalgyan.org/what-is-web-1-0-web-2-0-web-3-0-web-4-0-web-5-0/ Shukla 14/01/2022. Retrieved: 25 April, 2022</ref>		What was shown was only the number of visits the page had and often these web pages were hosted on ISP-owned web servers<ref>https://digitalgyan.org/what-is-web-1-0-web-2-0-web-3-0-web-4-0-web-5-0/ Shukla 14/01/2022. Retrieved: 25 April, 2022</ref>

	Many Web1.0 applications were proprietary where users could download the software, but how the program worked or was modified was kept secret.<ref>~~Available at~~ https://web.archive.org/web/20200514194258/https://thebytestory.com/2018/11/09/a-short-history-on-web-technologies/ </ref>		Many Web1.0 applications were proprietary where users could download the software, but how the program worked or was modified was kept secret.<ref> https://web.archive.org/web/20200514194258/https://thebytestory.com/2018/11/09/a-short-history-on-web-technologies/ Retrieved: 25 April, 2022</ref>

	==== Limitations ====		==== Limitations ====
	Due to the proprietary nature of Web1.0, the different HTML tags meant that users had to use different browsers to access web content.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20160424124719/http://www.oxfordu.net/web-design/office/proprietary.html </ref>		Due to the proprietary nature of Web1.0, the different HTML tags meant that users had to use different browsers to access web content.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20160424124719/http://www.oxfordu.net/web-design/office/proprietary.html Retrieved: 25 April, 2022</ref>

	The static nature of Web1.0 meant that the client(browser) can only pull data from the server and any data will not be pushed automatically without client interaction.		The static nature of Web1.0 meant that the client(browser) can only pull data from the server and any data will not be pushed automatically without client interaction.
Line 54:		Line 54:
	==== Characteristics ====		==== Characteristics ====
	Enhanced User Interaction		Enhanced User Interaction
	The introduction of AJAX, asynchronous Javascript, and XML allows a video to be played without waiting for the entire file to load.<ref> Available at https://firstmonday.org/article/view/2125/1972 </ref>		The introduction of AJAX, asynchronous Javascript, and XML allows a video to be played without waiting for the entire file to load.<ref>Key differences between Web 1.0 and Web 2.0
			by Graham Cormode and Balachander Krishnamurthy First Monday, Volume 13 Number 6 - 2 June 2008. Available at https://firstmonday.org/article/view/2125/1972. Retrieved: 25 April, 2022 </ref>
	Web2.0 as a platform		Web2.0 as a platform
	A trend-driven by Facebook(Meta), is to host other web applications and games on its platform by sharing their APIs.		A trend-driven by Facebook(Meta), is to host other web applications and games on its platform by sharing their APIs.
	This enhancement allows Facebook users to play games together without creating a new account on other websites. <ref> Available at https://firstmonday.org/article/view/2125/1972 </ref>		This enhancement allows Facebook users to play games together without creating a new account on other websites. <ref> Key differences between Web 1.0 and Web 2.0
			by Graham Cormode and Balachander Krishnamurthy First Monday, Volume 13 Number 6 - 2 June 2008. Available at https://firstmonday.org/article/view/2125/1972. Retrieved: 25 April, 2022 </ref>

	Targeted Advertising and Interactive Banners		Targeted Advertising and Interactive Banners
Line 67:		Line 69:

	Information overload and filter bubble - Web 2.0 provides users with a vast source of information. However, the astroturfing of page ranks in Search engines by companies could mean that users are presented with web pages that may not be the most relevant.		Information overload and filter bubble - Web 2.0 provides users with a vast source of information. However, the astroturfing of page ranks in Search engines by companies could mean that users are presented with web pages that may not be the most relevant.
	In addition, social media companies are incentivized to keep users on their platforms. The amassing and sale of their data to advertising companies raises the issues of digital security and personal privacy.<ref> ~~Available at~~ https://www.ieplexus.com/solutions/social-media/microsoft-article-web-2-0-marketing-for-businesses-what-it-can-do-for-you/ </ref>		In addition, social media companies are incentivized to keep users on their platforms. The amassing and sale of their data to advertising companies raises the issues of digital security and personal privacy.<ref> https://www.ieplexus.com/solutions/social-media/microsoft-article-web-2-0-marketing-for-businesses-what-it-can-do-for-you/ Retrieved: 25 April, 2022
			</ref>
	=== Web 1.0 vs Web 2.0 vs Web 3.0 ===		=== Web 1.0 vs Web 2.0 vs Web 3.0 ===
	Web1.0 is primarily a “read-only’ one-dimensional site where the contents of the webpage are static and not interactive. The evolution of the internet in Web2.0 emphasizes the interoperability of user-created content where users are encouraged to collaborate in a flexible web environment. Compared to Web1.0 and 2.0, Web3.0 builds on the lessons learned in improving the pitfalls of information overload, internet security, and data privacy.		Web1.0 is primarily a “read-only’ one-dimensional site where the contents of the webpage are static and not interactive. The evolution of the internet in Web2.0 emphasizes the interoperability of user-created content where users are encouraged to collaborate in a flexible web environment. Compared to Web1.0 and 2.0, Web3.0 builds on the lessons learned in improving the pitfalls of information overload, internet security, and data privacy.
Line 94:		Line 97:
	== Semantic Web ==		== Semantic Web ==
	=== Definition and Main Properties ===		=== Definition and Main Properties ===
	The Semantic Web is a vision for an expansion of the existing World Wide Web that gives machine-interpretable metadata of published information and data to software programs<ref> ~~Available at~~ The Electronic Library 34(1):132-154 </ref>. To put it another way, we add more data descriptors to material and data on the Web that already exists. As a result, computers can make meaningful interpretations in the same way that humans do to achieve their objectives. The ultimate goal of the Semantic Web is to allow computers to better manipulate data on our behalf. The word "semantic" in the context of the Semantic Web means "machine-processable" or "what a machine can do with the data." The term "web" connotes a navigable space of interconnected objects with URI-to-resource mappings. One of the tools that the semantic web will use is The Resource Description Framework (RDF) is a method for capturing data-related information.		The Semantic Web is a vision for an expansion of the existing World Wide Web that gives machine-interpretable metadata of published information and data to software programs<ref> Riaan Rudman and Rikus Bruwer (February 2016). Defining Web 3.0: Opportunities and challenges.The Electronic Library 34(1):132-154 Retrieved: 25 April, 2022 </ref>. To put it another way, we add more data descriptors to material and data on the Web that already exists. As a result, computers can make meaningful interpretations in the same way that humans do to achieve their objectives. The ultimate goal of the Semantic Web is to allow computers to better manipulate data on our behalf. The word "semantic" in the context of the Semantic Web means "machine-processable" or "what a machine can do with the data." The term "web" connotes a navigable space of interconnected objects with URI-to-resource mappings. One of the tools that the semantic web will use is The Resource Description Framework (RDF) is a method for capturing data-related information.
	The Web has the potential to become the destination of every possible information resource, person, and organization, as well as all related activities, by merging the technologies outlined. Processes will become more automated as a result of the Semantic Web and IAs with the ability to categorize and add meaning to information, creating information much faster and more precisely, at a higher degree of access, resulting in new opportunities.		The Web has the potential to become the destination of every possible information resource, person, and organization, as well as all related activities, by merging the technologies outlined. Processes will become more automated as a result of the Semantic Web and IAs with the ability to categorize and add meaning to information, creating information much faster and more precisely, at a higher degree of access, resulting in new opportunities.

Line 143:		Line 146:
	=== Tokens ===		=== Tokens ===
	A good definition of Web 3.0 is the Internet owned by the builders and the users, orchestrated with tokens.		A good definition of Web 3.0 is the Internet owned by the builders and the users, orchestrated with tokens.
	These tokens are part of the cryptocurrencies of today. For every project that is created, there is also a token corresponding to it. Cryptocurrencies and tokens are not the same. "All coins are considered tokens but all tokens are not coins in the crypto industry, according to industry experts<ref> ~~Available at~~ https://news.abplive.com/business/crypto/what-is-the-difference-between-crypto-coins-and-crypto-tokens-here-are-the-details-1507844 </ref>".		These tokens are part of the cryptocurrencies of today. For every project that is created, there is also a token corresponding to it. Cryptocurrencies and tokens are not the same. "All coins are considered tokens but all tokens are not coins in the crypto industry, according to industry experts<ref> https://news.abplive.com/business/crypto/what-is-the-difference-between-crypto-coins-and-crypto-tokens-here-are-the-details-1507844 Retrieved: 25 April, 2022 </ref>".
	The big difference is that cryptocurrencies represent a medium of exchange, it comes native with the Blockchain. Tokens, on the other hand, represent an asset handled by smart contracts. A token represents what a person has, while a crypto coin represents what he or she is capable of owning.		The big difference is that cryptocurrencies represent a medium of exchange, it comes native with the Blockchain. Tokens, on the other hand, represent an asset handled by smart contracts. A token represents what a person has, while a crypto coin represents what he or she is capable of owning.
	To understand this main difference I think it is worth giving an example: The title of your car is a token, when you sell your car, you transfer the value of the title to another person. However, you cannot buy anything with the title of your car.		To understand this main difference I think it is worth giving an example: The title of your car is a token, when you sell your car, you transfer the value of the title to another person. However, you cannot buy anything with the title of your car.
	Once this difference is understood, we can get an idea of how ownerships would work in Web 3.0. As I said at the beginning, the owners will be the people who have the tokens for each project.		Once this difference is understood, we can get an idea of how ownerships would work in Web 3.0. As I said at the beginning, the owners will be the people who have the tokens for each project.
	Other terminologies<ref> ~~Available at~~ https://connect.comptia.org/content/articles/blockchain-terminology </ref>: - Public/Private key: a public key is a unique string of characters derived from a private key that is used to encrypt a message or data. The private key is used to decrypt that message. - Smart contracts: self-executing computer code deployed on a blockchain to perform a function, the simplest action that can be done with a smart contract is an exchange of value between a buyer and a seller.		Other terminologies<ref> https://connect.comptia.org/content/articles/blockchain-terminology Retrieved: 25 April, 2022 </ref>: - Public/Private key: a public key is a unique string of characters derived from a private key that is used to encrypt a message or data. The private key is used to decrypt that message. - Smart contracts: self-executing computer code deployed on a blockchain to perform a function, the simplest action that can be done with a smart contract is an exchange of value between a buyer and a seller.

	=== Benefits and Perspectives ===		=== Benefits and Perspectives ===
	As we have already seen, today almost everything is centralized in a few mega-companies(Amazon, Google, Microsoft, Apple, and a few more) that dominate the entire web, including the people who are involved in it, i.e. us. The real benefit of decentralization is that each person is the owner of his information, all protected by his private key. There is no need to trust any third party to make any transaction, all information transactions ~~are~~ in the hands of cryptography and smart contracts.		As we have already seen, today almost everything is centralized in a few mega-companies(Amazon, Google, Microsoft, Apple, and a few more) that dominate the entire web, including the people who are involved in it, i.e. us. The real benefit of decentralization is that each person is the owner of his information, all protected by his private key. There is no need to trust any third party to make any transaction, all information about transactions is in the hands of cryptography and smart contracts.
	With a well-implemented blockchain, you can achieve privacy and security of your data. Depending on whether it is a public or private blockchain, in the public one you do not need permission to belong to any network or to be able to observe the different information transactions, there is total transparency.		With a well-implemented blockchain, you can achieve privacy and security of your data. Depending on whether it is a public or private blockchain, in the public one you do not need permission to belong to any network or to be able to observe the different information transactions, there is total transparency.

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:13, 2 May 2022
Line 4:		Line 4:

	=== Tim Berners-Lee and Semantic Web ===		=== Tim Berners-Lee and Semantic Web ===
	The first concept concerning the new iteration of the web belongs to the creator of Tim Berners-Lee. In his 2001 paper, he mentioned the concept of the ‘Semantic Web’<ref>Tim Berners-Lee, James Hendler and Ora Lassila(May 17, 2001). ‘The Semantic Web’ Available at: ~~Available at~~ https://web.archive.org/web/20171010210556/https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/566c/1c6bd366b4c9e07fc37eb372771690d5ba31.pdf Retrieved: 1 May, 2022 </ref>. This is a vision of the web where computers can understand and interpret the context of data which will make the search more enhanced and intuitive. Tim Berners Lee expressed his view of the semantic web as follows:		The first concept concerning the new iteration of the web belongs to the creator of Tim Berners-Lee. In his 2001 paper, he mentioned the concept of the ‘Semantic Web’<ref>Tim Berners-Lee, James Hendler and Ora Lassila(May 17, 2001). ‘The Semantic Web’ Available at: https://web.archive.org/web/20171010210556/https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/566c/1c6bd366b4c9e07fc37eb372771690d5ba31.pdf Retrieved: 1 May, 2022 </ref>. This is a vision of the web where computers can understand and interpret the context of data which will make the search more enhanced and intuitive. Tim Berners Lee expressed his view of the semantic web as follows:

	''I have a dream for the Web [in which computers] become capable of analyzing all the data on the Web – the content, links, and transactions between people and computers. A "Semantic Web", which makes this possible, has yet to emerge, but when it does, the day-to-day mechanisms of trade, bureaucracy, and our daily lives will be handled by machines talking to machines. The "intelligent agents" people have touted for ages will finally materialize.~~[9]~~''		''I have a dream for the Web [in which computers] become capable of analyzing all the data on the Web – the content, links, and transactions between people and computers. A "Semantic Web", which makes this possible, has yet to emerge, but when it does, the day-to-day mechanisms of trade, bureaucracy, and our daily lives will be handled by machines talking to machines. The "intelligent agents" people have touted for ages will finally materialize.''

	However, as time passed Web 3.0 went beyond just semantic web and encompasses AI, decentralization, and other matters.		However, as time passed Web 3.0 went beyond just semantic web and encompasses AI, decentralization, and other matters.
Line 13:		Line 13:

	=== John Markoff and Intelligent Web ===		=== John Markoff and Intelligent Web ===
	The term Web 3.0 appeared first time in 2006 and was coined by a New York Times journalist John Markoff<ref>Available at https://www.nytimes.com/2006/11/12/business/12web.html </ref>. He referred to the third generation of internet-based services (such as those using semantic web, natural-language search, microformats, machine learning, recommendation agents, and AI technologies) as ‘Intelligent Web’.		The term Web 3.0 appeared first time in 2006 and was coined by a New York Times journalist John Markoff<ref>John Markoff(Nov.12 2006,) The New York Times. ‘Entrepreneurs See a Web Guided by Common Sense’. Available at https://www.nytimes.com/2006/11/12/business/12web.html Retrieved: 1 May, 2022 </ref>. He referred to the third generation of internet-based services (such as those using semantic web, natural-language search, microformats, machine learning, recommendation agents, and AI technologies) as ‘Intelligent Web’.
	=== Gavin Wood and Web3 ===		=== Gavin Wood and Web3 ===
	Nowadays the term Web 3.0 is mostly associated with the concept of a decentralized web-based on blockchain technology. The term Web3 was coined by the co-founder of Ethereum Gavin Wood in 2014 and refers to a ‘decentralized online ecosystem based on the ~~blockchain’https~~://www.wired.com/story/web3-gavin-wood-interview/. It should be noted that in 1990 Tim Berners-Lee, has also underlined the importance of a decentralized web and explained this term in the following way:		Nowadays the term Web 3.0 is mostly associated with the concept of a decentralized web-based on blockchain technology. The term Web3 was coined by the co-founder of Ethereum Gavin Wood in 2014 and refers to a ‘decentralized online ecosystem based on the blockchain’<ref>Gilad Edelman (Nov 29 2021). ‘The Father of Web3 Wants You to Trust Less’. Available at: https://www.wired.com/story/web3-gavin-wood-interview/ Retrieved:1 May, 2022</ref>. It should be noted that in 1990 Tim Berners-Lee, has also underlined the importance of a decentralized web and explained this term in the following way:

	“Decentralisation: No permission is needed from a central authority to post anything on the web, there is no central controlling node, and so no single point of failure … and no “kill switch”! This also implies freedom from indiscriminate censorship and surveillance.”<ref>~~Available at~~ https://webfoundation.org/about/vision/history-of-the-web/ </ref>		“Decentralisation: No permission is needed from a central authority to post anything on the web, there is no central controlling node, and so no single point of failure … and no “kill switch”! This also implies freedom from indiscriminate censorship and surveillance.”<ref> https://webfoundation.org/about/vision/history-of-the-web/ Retrieved: 1 May, 2022</ref>

	It should be noted that often writers use notations Web3 and Web 3.0 interchangeably, which causes much confusion between these two concepts. In reality, Web3 should refer only to the decentralized web in the context of blockchain, while Web 3.0 comprises many concepts and technologies, including blockchain, semantic web, AI, IoT, etc.		It should be noted that often writers use notations Web3 and Web 3.0 interchangeably, which causes much confusion between these two concepts. In reality, Web3 should refer only to the decentralized web in the context of blockchain, while Web 3.0 comprises many concepts and technologies, including blockchain, semantic web, AI, IoT, etc.
Line 28:		Line 28:
	By 1965, packet switching technology made data transmission possible through the development of routing devices. In 1981, the National Science Foundation Network expanded ARPAnet to computer science (CS) researchers.		By 1965, packet switching technology made data transmission possible through the development of routing devices. In 1981, the National Science Foundation Network expanded ARPAnet to computer science (CS) researchers.
	Adopting the Transmission Control Protocol(TCP) in 1983, ARPA assigned a subset of the military network for public research to connect CS departments around the US.		Adopting the Transmission Control Protocol(TCP) in 1983, ARPA assigned a subset of the military network for public research to connect CS departments around the US.
	1989 saw a technological leap in Internet communications when Tim Berners-Lee a researcher at European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) created the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), an open standard that allowed different computer platforms to access the same webpage. <ref>~~Available at~~ https://sciencenode.org/feature/a-brief-history-of-the-internet-.php </ref>		1989 saw a technological leap in Internet communications when Tim Berners-Lee a researcher at European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) created the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), an open standard that allowed different computer platforms to access the same webpage. <ref> https://sciencenode.org/feature/a-brief-history-of-the-internet-.php Retrieved: 1 May, 2022</ref>
	From an obscure idea to becoming an essential part of our daily lives, computers have gone from monolithic devices functioning effectively as an island to connecting billions of people through the Internet.		From an obscure idea to becoming an essential part of our daily lives, computers have gone from monolithic devices functioning effectively as an island to connecting billions of people through the Internet.

Line 41:		Line 41:
	Web1.0 served a set of static web pages which displayed only text and images. Although the page may serve useful information, users are not incentivized to return since they were unable to interact with the website.		Web1.0 served a set of static web pages which displayed only text and images. Although the page may serve useful information, users are not incentivized to return since they were unable to interact with the website.

	What was shown was only the number of visits the page had and often these web pages were hosted on ISP-owned web servers<ref>~~Available at~~ https://digitalgyan.org/what-is-web-1-0-web-2-0-web-3-0-web-4-0-web-5-0/ </ref>		What was shown was only the number of visits the page had and often these web pages were hosted on ISP-owned web servers<ref>https://digitalgyan.org/what-is-web-1-0-web-2-0-web-3-0-web-4-0-web-5-0/ Shukla 14/01/2022. Retrieved: 25 April, 2022</ref>

	Many Web1.0 applications were proprietary where users could download the software, but how the program worked or was modified was kept secret.<ref>Available at https://web.archive.org/web/20200514194258/https://thebytestory.com/2018/11/09/a-short-history-on-web-technologies/ </ref>		Many Web1.0 applications were proprietary where users could download the software, but how the program worked or was modified was kept secret.<ref>Available at https://web.archive.org/web/20200514194258/https://thebytestory.com/2018/11/09/a-short-history-on-web-technologies/ </ref>

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:13, 2 May 2022
Line 4:		Line 4:

	=== Tim Berners-Lee and Semantic Web ===		=== Tim Berners-Lee and Semantic Web ===
	The first concept concerning the new iteration of the web belongs to the creator of Tim Berners-Lee. In his 2001 paper, he mentioned the concept of the ‘Semantic Web’~~[1]~~. This is a vision of the web where computers can understand and interpret the context of data which will make the search more enhanced and intuitive. Tim Berners Lee expressed his view of the semantic web as follows:		The first concept concerning the new iteration of the web belongs to the creator of Tim Berners-Lee. In his 2001 paper, he mentioned the concept of the ‘Semantic Web’<ref>Available at https://web.archive.org/web/20171010210556/https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/566c/1c6bd366b4c9e07fc37eb372771690d5ba31.pdf </ref>. This is a vision of the web where computers can understand and interpret the context of data which will make the search more enhanced and intuitive. Tim Berners Lee expressed his view of the semantic web as follows:

	''I have a dream for the Web [in which computers] become capable of analyzing all the data on the Web – the content, links, and transactions between people and computers. A "Semantic Web", which makes this possible, has yet to emerge, but when it does, the day-to-day mechanisms of trade, bureaucracy, and our daily lives will be handled by machines talking to machines. The "intelligent agents" people have touted for ages will finally materialize.[9]''		''I have a dream for the Web [in which computers] become capable of analyzing all the data on the Web – the content, links, and transactions between people and computers. A "Semantic Web", which makes this possible, has yet to emerge, but when it does, the day-to-day mechanisms of trade, bureaucracy, and our daily lives will be handled by machines talking to machines. The "intelligent agents" people have touted for ages will finally materialize.[9]''
Line 13:		Line 13:

	=== John Markoff and Intelligent Web ===		=== John Markoff and Intelligent Web ===
	The term Web 3.0 appeared first time in 2006 and was coined by a New York Times journalist John Markoff~~[2]~~. He referred to the third generation of internet-based services (such as those using semantic web, natural-language search, microformats, machine learning, recommendation agents, and AI technologies) as ‘Intelligent Web’.		The term Web 3.0 appeared first time in 2006 and was coined by a New York Times journalist John Markoff<ref>Available at https://www.nytimes.com/2006/11/12/business/12web.html </ref>. He referred to the third generation of internet-based services (such as those using semantic web, natural-language search, microformats, machine learning, recommendation agents, and AI technologies) as ‘Intelligent Web’.
	=== Gavin Wood and Web3 ===		=== Gavin Wood and Web3 ===
	Nowadays the term Web 3.0 is mostly associated with the concept of a decentralized web-based on blockchain technology. The term Web3 was coined by the co-founder of Ethereum Gavin Wood in 2014 and refers to a ‘decentralized online ecosystem based on the ~~blockchain’[3]~~. It should be noted that in 1990 Tim Berners-Lee, has also underlined the importance of a decentralized web and explained this term in the following way:		Nowadays the term Web 3.0 is mostly associated with the concept of a decentralized web-based on blockchain technology. The term Web3 was coined by the co-founder of Ethereum Gavin Wood in 2014 and refers to a ‘decentralized online ecosystem based on the blockchain’https://www.wired.com/story/web3-gavin-wood-interview/. It should be noted that in 1990 Tim Berners-Lee, has also underlined the importance of a decentralized web and explained this term in the following way:

	“Decentralisation: No permission is needed from a central authority to post anything on the web, there is no central controlling node, and so no single point of failure … and no “kill switch”! This also implies freedom from indiscriminate censorship and surveillance.”~~[4]~~		“Decentralisation: No permission is needed from a central authority to post anything on the web, there is no central controlling node, and so no single point of failure … and no “kill switch”! This also implies freedom from indiscriminate censorship and surveillance.”<ref>Available at https://webfoundation.org/about/vision/history-of-the-web/ </ref>

	It should be noted that often writers use notations Web3 and Web 3.0 interchangeably, which causes much confusion between these two concepts. In reality, Web3 should refer only to the decentralized web in the context of blockchain, while Web 3.0 comprises many concepts and technologies, including blockchain, semantic web, AI, IoT, etc.		It should be noted that often writers use notations Web3 and Web 3.0 interchangeably, which causes much confusion between these two concepts. In reality, Web3 should refer only to the decentralized web in the context of blockchain, while Web 3.0 comprises many concepts and technologies, including blockchain, semantic web, AI, IoT, etc.
Line 28:		Line 28:
	By 1965, packet switching technology made data transmission possible through the development of routing devices. In 1981, the National Science Foundation Network expanded ARPAnet to computer science (CS) researchers.		By 1965, packet switching technology made data transmission possible through the development of routing devices. In 1981, the National Science Foundation Network expanded ARPAnet to computer science (CS) researchers.
	Adopting the Transmission Control Protocol(TCP) in 1983, ARPA assigned a subset of the military network for public research to connect CS departments around the US.		Adopting the Transmission Control Protocol(TCP) in 1983, ARPA assigned a subset of the military network for public research to connect CS departments around the US.
	1989 saw a technological leap in Internet communications when Tim Berners-Lee a researcher at European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) created the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), an open standard that allowed different computer platforms to access the same webpage. ~~[5]~~		1989 saw a technological leap in Internet communications when Tim Berners-Lee a researcher at European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) created the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), an open standard that allowed different computer platforms to access the same webpage. <ref>Available at https://sciencenode.org/feature/a-brief-history-of-the-internet-.php </ref>
	From an obscure idea to becoming an essential part of our daily lives, computers have gone from monolithic devices functioning effectively as an island to connecting billions of people through the Internet.		From an obscure idea to becoming an essential part of our daily lives, computers have gone from monolithic devices functioning effectively as an island to connecting billions of people through the Internet.

Line 41:		Line 41:
	Web1.0 served a set of static web pages which displayed only text and images. Although the page may serve useful information, users are not incentivized to return since they were unable to interact with the website.		Web1.0 served a set of static web pages which displayed only text and images. Although the page may serve useful information, users are not incentivized to return since they were unable to interact with the website.

	What was shown was only the number of visits the page had and often these web pages were hosted on ISP-owned web servers ~~[6]~~		What was shown was only the number of visits the page had and often these web pages were hosted on ISP-owned web servers<ref>Available at https://digitalgyan.org/what-is-web-1-0-web-2-0-web-3-0-web-4-0-web-5-0/ </ref>

	Many Web1.0 applications were proprietary where users could download the software, but how the program worked or was modified was kept secret. ~~[7]~~		Many Web1.0 applications were proprietary where users could download the software, but how the program worked or was modified was kept secret.<ref>Available at https://web.archive.org/web/20200514194258/https://thebytestory.com/2018/11/09/a-short-history-on-web-technologies/ </ref>

	==== Limitations ====		==== Limitations ====
	Due to the proprietary nature of Web1.0, the different HTML tags meant that users had to use different browsers to access web content. ~~[8]~~		Due to the proprietary nature of Web1.0, the different HTML tags meant that users had to use different browsers to access web content.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20160424124719/http://www.oxfordu.net/web-design/office/proprietary.html </ref>

	The static nature of Web1.0 meant that the client(browser) can only pull data from the server and any data will not be pushed automatically without client interaction.		The static nature of Web1.0 meant that the client(browser) can only pull data from the server and any data will not be pushed automatically without client interaction.
Line 54:		Line 54:
	==== Characteristics ====		==== Characteristics ====
	Enhanced User Interaction		Enhanced User Interaction
	The introduction of AJAX, asynchronous Javascript, and XML allows a video to be played without waiting for the entire file to load. ~~[9]~~		The introduction of AJAX, asynchronous Javascript, and XML allows a video to be played without waiting for the entire file to load.<ref> Available at https://firstmonday.org/article/view/2125/1972 </ref>
	Web2.0 as a platform		Web2.0 as a platform
	A trend-driven by Facebook(Meta), is to host other web applications and games on its platform by sharing their APIs.		A trend-driven by Facebook(Meta), is to host other web applications and games on its platform by sharing their APIs.
	This enhancement allows Facebook users to play games together without creating a new account on other websites. ~~[10]~~		This enhancement allows Facebook users to play games together without creating a new account on other websites. <ref> Available at https://firstmonday.org/article/view/2125/1972 </ref>

	Targeted Advertising and Interactive Banners		Targeted Advertising and Interactive Banners
Line 67:		Line 67:

	Information overload and filter bubble - Web 2.0 provides users with a vast source of information. However, the astroturfing of page ranks in Search engines by companies could mean that users are presented with web pages that may not be the most relevant.		Information overload and filter bubble - Web 2.0 provides users with a vast source of information. However, the astroturfing of page ranks in Search engines by companies could mean that users are presented with web pages that may not be the most relevant.
	In addition, social media companies are incentivized to keep users on their platforms. The amassing and sale of their data to advertising companies raises the issues of digital security and personal privacy. ~~[11]~~		In addition, social media companies are incentivized to keep users on their platforms. The amassing and sale of their data to advertising companies raises the issues of digital security and personal privacy.<ref> Available at https://www.ieplexus.com/solutions/social-media/microsoft-article-web-2-0-marketing-for-businesses-what-it-can-do-for-you/ </ref>
	=== Web 1.0 vs Web 2.0 vs Web 3.0 ===		=== Web 1.0 vs Web 2.0 vs Web 3.0 ===
	Web1.0 is primarily a “read-only’ one-dimensional site where the contents of the webpage are static and not interactive. The evolution of the internet in Web2.0 emphasizes the interoperability of user-created content where users are encouraged to collaborate in a flexible web environment. Compared to Web1.0 and 2.0, Web3.0 builds on the lessons learned in improving the pitfalls of information overload, internet security, and data privacy.		Web1.0 is primarily a “read-only’ one-dimensional site where the contents of the webpage are static and not interactive. The evolution of the internet in Web2.0 emphasizes the interoperability of user-created content where users are encouraged to collaborate in a flexible web environment. Compared to Web1.0 and 2.0, Web3.0 builds on the lessons learned in improving the pitfalls of information overload, internet security, and data privacy.
Line 94:		Line 94:
	== Semantic Web ==		== Semantic Web ==
	=== Definition and Main Properties ===		=== Definition and Main Properties ===
	The Semantic Web is a vision for an expansion of the existing World Wide Web that gives machine-interpretable metadata of published information and data to software programs~~[13]~~. To put it another way, we add more data descriptors to material and data on the Web that already exists. As a result, computers can make meaningful interpretations in the same way that humans do to achieve their objectives. The ultimate goal of the Semantic Web is to allow computers to better manipulate data on our behalf. The word "semantic" in the context of the Semantic Web means "machine-processable" or "what a machine can do with the data." The term "web" connotes a navigable space of interconnected objects with URI-to-resource mappings. One of the tools that the semantic web will use is The Resource Description Framework (RDF) is a method for capturing data-related information.		The Semantic Web is a vision for an expansion of the existing World Wide Web that gives machine-interpretable metadata of published information and data to software programs<ref> Available at The Electronic Library 34(1):132-154 </ref>. To put it another way, we add more data descriptors to material and data on the Web that already exists. As a result, computers can make meaningful interpretations in the same way that humans do to achieve their objectives. The ultimate goal of the Semantic Web is to allow computers to better manipulate data on our behalf. The word "semantic" in the context of the Semantic Web means "machine-processable" or "what a machine can do with the data." The term "web" connotes a navigable space of interconnected objects with URI-to-resource mappings. One of the tools that the semantic web will use is The Resource Description Framework (RDF) is a method for capturing data-related information.
	The Web has the potential to become the destination of every possible information resource, person, and organization, as well as all related activities, by merging the technologies outlined. Processes will become more automated as a result of the Semantic Web and IAs with the ability to categorize and add meaning to information, creating information much faster and more precisely, at a higher degree of access, resulting in new opportunities.		The Web has the potential to become the destination of every possible information resource, person, and organization, as well as all related activities, by merging the technologies outlined. Processes will become more automated as a result of the Semantic Web and IAs with the ability to categorize and add meaning to information, creating information much faster and more precisely, at a higher degree of access, resulting in new opportunities.

Line 143:		Line 143:
	=== Tokens ===		=== Tokens ===
	A good definition of Web 3.0 is the Internet owned by the builders and the users, orchestrated with tokens.		A good definition of Web 3.0 is the Internet owned by the builders and the users, orchestrated with tokens.
	These tokens are part of the cryptocurrencies of today. For every project that is created, there is also a token corresponding to it. Cryptocurrencies and tokens are not the same. "All coins are considered tokens but all tokens are not coins in the crypto industry, according to industry experts"~~[14]~~.		These tokens are part of the cryptocurrencies of today. For every project that is created, there is also a token corresponding to it. Cryptocurrencies and tokens are not the same. "All coins are considered tokens but all tokens are not coins in the crypto industry, according to industry experts"<ref> Available at https://news.abplive.com/business/crypto/what-is-the-difference-between-crypto-coins-and-crypto-tokens-here-are-the-details-1507844 </ref>.
	The big difference is that cryptocurrencies represent a medium of exchange, it comes native with the Blockchain. Tokens, on the other hand, represent an asset handled by smart contracts. A token represents what a person has, while a crypto coin represents what he or she is capable of owning.		The big difference is that cryptocurrencies represent a medium of exchange, it comes native with the Blockchain. Tokens, on the other hand, represent an asset handled by smart contracts. A token represents what a person has, while a crypto coin represents what he or she is capable of owning.
	To understand this main difference I think it is worth giving an example: The title of your car is a token, when you sell your car, you transfer the value of the title to another person. However, you cannot buy anything with the title of your car.		To understand this main difference I think it is worth giving an example: The title of your car is a token, when you sell your car, you transfer the value of the title to another person. However, you cannot buy anything with the title of your car.
	Once this difference is understood, we can get an idea of how ownerships would work in Web 3.0. As I said at the beginning, the owners will be the people who have the tokens for each project.		Once this difference is understood, we can get an idea of how ownerships would work in Web 3.0. As I said at the beginning, the owners will be the people who have the tokens for each project.
	Other terminologies~~[15~~]: - Public/Private key: a public key is a unique string of characters derived from a private key that is used to encrypt a message or data. The private key is used to decrypt that message. - Smart contracts: self-executing computer code deployed on a blockchain to perform a function, the simplest action that can be done with a smart contract is an exchange of value between a buyer and a seller.		Other terminologies<ref> Available at ] https://connect.comptia.org/content/articles/blockchain-terminology </ref>: - Public/Private key: a public key is a unique string of characters derived from a private key that is used to encrypt a message or data. The private key is used to decrypt that message. - Smart contracts: self-executing computer code deployed on a blockchain to perform a function, the simplest action that can be done with a smart contract is an exchange of value between a buyer and a seller.

	=== Benefits and Perspectives ===		=== Benefits and Perspectives ===