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| ==1980==
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| The era of computer games began in 1980 in exactly the same way as it ended in the late 1970s, large companies made huge money on arcade games (special machines that often stood in computer clubs and shopping centers.) Exactly in 1980, the legendary Pac-Man game came out and just blew up the world of arcade games. People who decided that you can earn good money on games began to rivet games like boots. Every second company tried to get rich on low-grade games, which later turned into a collapse for arcade games. In 1982, only 10% of all games in the world brought at least some profit to their enterprise. At that time, the market was dominated by a North American company, I think everyone knows, Atari. With a lot of credibility in the market, this company can be said to have controlled it, but everything changed in 1983 when the Video game crash occurred, which not only changed the video game market, but also completely changed the entire video game world. Next, the whole process of collapse will be described step by step.
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| ==Video game crash 1983==
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| We used to suppose that the gaming enterprise is an excellent marketplace wherein billions of bucks are “boiled”. The identical Grand Theft Auto V for the primary day of income delivered the creators extra than 800 million greenbacks - that is the maximum worthwhile product with inside the complete enjoyment enterprise in general. And at the cabinets of gaming stores, we constantly see dozens of titles, from high-price range AAA video games to area of interest indies.
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| However, this became now no longer continually the case. In the records of video games, one second while the very lifestyles of the enterprise became known as into query became simply remembered - it became the crash of the enterprise that befell in 1983. It affected the complete US console marketplace: the entire sales of businesses reduced via way of means of nearly ninety seven percent - from 3 billion greenbacks to a hundred million. We speak approximately this occasion as a part of the “Month of the 80s”.
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| Journalists used to partner the disintegrate of the enterprise with the disintegrate of Atari, which at that point ruled the market. And, despite the fact that the enterprise did now no longer initiate the disaster directly, it additionally touched it - in large part because of unsuccessful enterprise decisions. In the ones years, domestic computer systems started to compete with consoles, and as a result, the enterprise attempted with the aid of using any way to guard the market. Including very expensive, however extraordinarily awful video games made in a hurry.
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| In 1982, Atari offered out the licensing rights to evolve the super-famous Pac-Man for his or her Atari 2600. The domestic console had much less processing electricity than arcade machines, so the port needed to be reduce back. As a result, the sport appeared a good deal worse in this platform than on slot machines.
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| Atari`s failures, in addition to an overabundance of low-pleasant video games from third-celebration companies, have caused a trendy growth in client mistrust of video games and consoles. As a result, in 1983 their income collapsed - as did the marketplace itself. For all positions and for all manufacturers.
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| 97% - was the fall in revenues of console manufacturers - from 3 billion to 100 million dollars. That was crazy.
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| ===Revival===
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| The disaster affected best North America, in which the consoles are maximum widespread. In Europe, everybody turned into used to the usage of computers, and in Japan there has been a closed industry - they had been now no longer even laid low with the collapse. So assist got here from there.
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| Following the fulfillment of the Famicon at home, Nintendo determined to go into the almost empty North American market. However, for America, the set-pinnacle field turned into appreciably redesigned: it turned into known as an "enjoyment system" in order now no longer to say games (shops had been nevertheless afraid to promote them), and cartridge ports placed on pinnacle resembled second-era consoles. pinnacle drawers. , had been driven forward. Thus, the Nintendo Entertainment System turned into born.
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| The NES performed an nearly decisive function in restoring the marketplace and bringing lower back the overall hobby with inside the gaming industry. In 3 years - from 1985, while the console went on sale, to 1988 - the marketplace grew from 100 million to 2 billion dollars. It became 70% managed with the aid of using Nintendo.
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| ===Small sonsole stat===
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| Sega SG-1000 (~2 million sold) | (1983)
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| At the time, Sega was a subsidiary of Gulf & Western – one of the top five arcade manufacturers. The Sega SG-1000 was the first of its kind to be made specifically for households.
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| NES Family Computer (~62 million sold) | (1983)
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| “The NES featured a number of groundbreaking games, such as the platform game Super Mario Bros. and the action-adventure games The Legend of Zelda and Metroid. As one of the bestselling consoles of its time, the NES helped revitalize the US video game industry following the video game crash of 1983.”
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| A huge part of the NES’s success was its innovative business model. NES licensed third party publishers to create & distribute the NES’s games.
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| Sega Master (~13 million sold) | (1985)
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| The original Master System models use both cartridges and a credit card-sized format known as Sega Cards.
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| ==Development tools==
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| It's undeniable that, for the 1980s, games like Mario, Pac-Man, and Tetris were genius innovations. However, it does not fit in my head how such games were written at that time with limited resources.
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| Most games at that time were written in Assembly language, but compilation, debugging and other subtleties, how were they carried out? Nowadays, there are many environments such as visual studio, jet brains and other very convenient resources, but they simply did not exist before.
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| In the 70s and 80s, expert sport builders used pass assemblers to broaden PC video games after which dispatched the output bits and bytes to gaming hardware thru an RS232 cable.
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| In the early days of arcade machines, sprites and individual units had been designed the usage of graph paper and painstakingly transformed to bytes via way of means of hand, then inserted as bytes without delay into meeting language.
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| When domestic computer systems together with the Atari 800 and C64 regarded with inside the past due 70s and early 80s, hobbyists ought to broaden video games with no need an high priced PC, as they had been reasonably-priced and self-contained machines with an appealing equipment. We nonetheless needed to create individual units and sprites via way of means of hand on graph paper due to the fact there had been no editors. Even after they began out to appear , that they'd the downside that they needed to be loaded into reminiscence like every other program. You`d have assembler, maps, individual/sprite editors, sound software program taking on precious RAM, so that you could not without problems write a sport that used complete 48K/64K. Edit to add: you'll have assemblers that may be loaded into each halves of Spectrum or C64 reminiscence so that you can write code to get entry to the opposite half!
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| As a result, writing code was much more laborious and time-consuming process, and the games still turned out to be hits.
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| ==Most popular game hits of 1980s==
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| ===3. Super Mario Bros 3 (1988, Nintendo)===
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| Super Mario Bros 3 is arguably the best natural platformer ever made, a brilliantly built undertaking introducing power-up costumes (inclusive of the famed tanooki suit), feisty enemies and myriad gameplay innovations. With its non-linear, frequently pretty experimental layout it set the tone for Nintendo`s present day era, making ready us for various and modern Mario titles consisting of Super Mario 64, Sunshine, Galaxy and Paper Mario. In 2020, a pristine unopened replica bought at public sale for $156,000. It turned into a steal.
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| ===2. Pac-Man (1980, Namco)===
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| Famously designed through Toru Iwatani as an antidote to the typical shooters of the era, Pac-Man changed spaceships and extraterrestrial beings with a lovable sentient mouth and 4 lovely ghosts. Everything approximately the sport is iconic, from its pill-littered maze, to its “waka waka” sound effects, to its top notch kawaii person design. It become an arcade celebrity that spawned a vending gold rush, a slew of sequels and, as I even have argued with inside the past, the idea of survival horror. Whichever manner you have a take a observe it, Pac-Man, like Space Invaders, will usually be a established image of video games and the pride they bring.
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| ===3. Tetris (1984,various)===
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| How did a puzzle recreation programmed on an vintage Electronica 60 pc at Moscow`s Dorodnitsyn computing center cross directly to seduce the whole world? How did seven in another way configured terminus losing right into a restricted area make addicts of an envisioned one thousand million players? The upward push of Tetris is the maximum captivating tale the video games enterprise owns, and on the center of it's miles coder Alexey Pajitnov, whose youth love of form puzzles solid a killer app that quite a whole lot made the Game Boy and taken its object-sorting magic to each platform since. This isn`t a recreation approximately heroes, it`s a recreation approximately that maximum human of endeavors: tidying up and locating an area for things. Perhaps this is why we like it a lot and why, while we near our eyes, we will nonetheless see an infinity of shapes falling lightly into place.
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