Windows juhend: Kuidas seadistada võrguühendusi Powershelli abil: Difference between revisions
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Created page with 'Mina teen. 07.10.2012 ja Henri Kaukver' |
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'''JUHEND ON POOLELI''' | |||
=Sissejuhatus= | |||
Powershell on Microsofti poolt arendatud käsurea skriptimiskeel ja keskkond peaasjalikult administreerimisülesannete teostamiseks. Powershell sisaldab praegu üle 2300 sisemise käsu ehk ''cmdlet'''i, andes niiviisi erinevate ülesannete automatiseerimiseks väga head võimalused. | |||
Käesolev juhend kehtib Windows 8 ja Powershell 3.0 kohta, ning põhirõhk on kaabliga etherneti ühenduste seadistamisel. Powershelli versiooni on kirjas muutujas ''$Host.Version''. | |||
[[File:ps_versioon.png|none]] | |||
Major ja Minor näitavad Powershelli versiooni. | |||
=Võrguühendustega seotud käsud= | |||
Infot olemasolevate käskude kohta annab käsk ''Get-Command'' mille argumendiks võib olla käsu nime osa | |||
<pre>PS C:\> Get-Command *net* | |||
CommandType Name ModuleName | |||
----------- ---- ---------- | |||
Function Add-NetIPHttpsCertBinding NetworkTransition | |||
Function Add-NetLbfoTeamMember NetLbfo | |||
Function Add-NetLbfoTeamNic NetLbfo | |||
Function Add-NetSwitchTeamMember NetSwitchTeam | |||
Function Copy-NetFirewallRule NetSecurity | |||
Function Copy-NetIPsecMainModeCryptoSet NetSecurity | |||
Function Copy-NetIPsecMainModeRule NetSecurity | |||
Function Copy-NetIPsecPhase1AuthSet NetSecurity | |||
Function Copy-NetIPsecPhase2AuthSet NetSecurity | |||
Function Copy-NetIPsecQuickModeCryptoSet NetSecurity | |||
Function Copy-NetIPsecRule NetSecurity | |||
Function Disable-NetAdapter NetAdapter | |||
Function Disable-NetAdapterBinding NetAdapter | |||
Function Disable-NetAdapterChecksumOffload NetAdapter | |||
........ ................ .............. | |||
Function Set-NetRoute NetTCPIP | |||
Function Set-NetTCPSetting NetTCPIP | |||
Function Set-NetTeredoConfiguration NetworkTransition | |||
Function Set-NetUDPSetting NetTCPIP | |||
Function Show-NetFirewallRule NetSecurity | |||
Function Show-NetIPsecRule NetSecurity | |||
Function Sync-NetIPsecRule NetSecurity | |||
Function Update-NetIPsecRule NetSecurity | |||
Cmdlet New-NetIPsecAuthProposal NetSecurity | |||
Cmdlet New-NetIPsecMainModeCryptoProposal NetSecurity | |||
Cmdlet New-NetIPsecQuickModeCryptoProposal NetSecurity | |||
Application CheckNetIsolation.exe | |||
Application gatherNetworkInfo.vbs | |||
Application inetcpl.cpl | |||
Application net.exe | |||
Application net1.exe | |||
Application netbtugc.exe | |||
Application netcfg.exe | |||
Application netiougc.exe | |||
Application Netplwiz.exe | |||
Application netsh.exe | |||
Application NETSTAT.EXE</pre> | |||
Abiinfot konkreetse käsu kohta annab ''Get-Help'' | |||
<pre>PS C:\> Get-Help Get-NetAdapter | |||
NAME | |||
Get-NetAdapter | |||
SYNOPSIS | |||
Gets the basic network adapter properties. | |||
................................................................. | |||
To see the examples, type: "get-help Get-Help -examples". | |||
For more information, type: "get-help Get-Help -detailed". | |||
For technical information, type: "get-help Get-Help -full". | |||
For online help, type: "get-help Get-Help -online"</pre> | |||
=Võrguseadistamise tegevused= | |||
==Võrguseadmete info== | |||
Enne kui saame seadistama asuda on vaja infot millised võrguseadmed meil kasutada on. Lühikese loetelu annab ''Get-Adapter''. | |||
<pre>PS C:\> Get-NetAdapter | |||
Name InterfaceDescription ifIndex Status MacAddress LinkSpeed | |||
---- -------------------- ------- ------ ---------- --------- | |||
Ethernet 3 Intel(R) PRO/1000 MT Desktop Adapter #3 16 Disconnected 08-00-27-D8-97-EE 0 bps | |||
Ethernet 2 Intel(R) PRO/1000 MT Desktop Adapter #2 15 Up 08-00-27-43-7D-59 1 Gbps | |||
Ethernet Intel(R) PRO/1000 MT Desktop Adapter 12 Up 08-00-27-8F-EC-5E 1 Gbps</pre> | |||
IP seadistuse info annab ''Get-NetIPConfiguration'' | |||
<pre>PS C:\> Get-NetIPConfiguration | |||
InterfaceAlias : Ethernet 2 | |||
InterfaceIndex : 15 | |||
InterfaceDescription : Intel(R) PRO/1000 MT Desktop Adapter #2 | |||
NetProfile.Name : Unidentified network | |||
IPv4Address : 169.254.191.114 | |||
IPv6DefaultGateway : | |||
IPv4DefaultGateway : | |||
DNSServer : fec0:0:0:ffff::1 | |||
fec0:0:0:ffff::2 | |||
fec0:0:0:ffff::3 | |||
InterfaceAlias : Ethernet | |||
InterfaceIndex : 12 | |||
InterfaceDescription : Intel(R) PRO/1000 MT Desktop Adapter | |||
NetProfile.Name : Network 2 | |||
IPv4Address : 10.0.2.15 | |||
IPv6DefaultGateway : | |||
IPv4DefaultGateway : 10.0.2.2 | |||
DNSServer : 10.59.1.1 | |||
InterfaceAlias : Ethernet 3 | |||
InterfaceIndex : 16 | |||
InterfaceDescription : Intel(R) PRO/1000 MT Desktop Adapter #3 | |||
NetAdapter.Status : Disconnected</pre> | |||
==Võrguseadme sisse ja välja lülitamine== | |||
Võrguseadmeid lülitavad käsud ''Enable-NetAdapter'' ja ''Disable-NetAdapter''. Mõlemale käsule võib argumendina järgi anda võrguseadme nime. Kui seda ei tehta, siis küsitakse seda interaktiivselt. | |||
<pre>PS C:\> Disable-NetAdapter "Ethernet 2" | |||
Confirm | |||
Are you sure you want to perform this action? | |||
Disable-NetAdapter 'Ethernet 2' | |||
[Y] Yes [A] Yes to All [N] No [L] No to All [S] Suspend [?] Help (default is "Y"): Y</pre> | |||
<pre>PS C:\> Enable-NetAdapter | |||
cmdlet Enable-NetAdapter at command pipeline position 1 | |||
Supply values for the following parameters: | |||
Name[0]: ethernet 2 | |||
Name[1]: | |||
PS C:\></pre> | |||
==Võrguseadme IP määramine== | |||
Võrguseadmele määrab staatilise IP aadressi koos lisaparameetritega ''New-NetIPAddress''. | |||
<pre>PS C:\> New-NetIPAddress -InterfaceAlias "Ethernet 2" -IPAddress 192.168.100.100 -DefaultGateway 192.168.100.1 -PrefixLength 24</pre> | |||
*''InterfaceAlias' on võrguseadme nimi. Kui nimi sisaldab tühikuid, siis tuleb nimi panna jutumärkide vahele. | |||
*''IPAddress'' on määratav IP aadress | |||
*''DefaultGateway'' on võrgusegmendi lüüs | |||
*''PrefixLength'' on võrgumask bittides (0-32), sisevõrkudes üsna tihti 24. | |||
Revision as of 12:53, 19 October 2012
JUHEND ON POOLELI
Sissejuhatus
Powershell on Microsofti poolt arendatud käsurea skriptimiskeel ja keskkond peaasjalikult administreerimisülesannete teostamiseks. Powershell sisaldab praegu üle 2300 sisemise käsu ehk cmdlet'i, andes niiviisi erinevate ülesannete automatiseerimiseks väga head võimalused. Käesolev juhend kehtib Windows 8 ja Powershell 3.0 kohta, ning põhirõhk on kaabliga etherneti ühenduste seadistamisel. Powershelli versiooni on kirjas muutujas $Host.Version.
Major ja Minor näitavad Powershelli versiooni.
Võrguühendustega seotud käsud
Infot olemasolevate käskude kohta annab käsk Get-Command mille argumendiks võib olla käsu nime osa
PS C:\> Get-Command *net* CommandType Name ModuleName ----------- ---- ---------- Function Add-NetIPHttpsCertBinding NetworkTransition Function Add-NetLbfoTeamMember NetLbfo Function Add-NetLbfoTeamNic NetLbfo Function Add-NetSwitchTeamMember NetSwitchTeam Function Copy-NetFirewallRule NetSecurity Function Copy-NetIPsecMainModeCryptoSet NetSecurity Function Copy-NetIPsecMainModeRule NetSecurity Function Copy-NetIPsecPhase1AuthSet NetSecurity Function Copy-NetIPsecPhase2AuthSet NetSecurity Function Copy-NetIPsecQuickModeCryptoSet NetSecurity Function Copy-NetIPsecRule NetSecurity Function Disable-NetAdapter NetAdapter Function Disable-NetAdapterBinding NetAdapter Function Disable-NetAdapterChecksumOffload NetAdapter ........ ................ .............. Function Set-NetRoute NetTCPIP Function Set-NetTCPSetting NetTCPIP Function Set-NetTeredoConfiguration NetworkTransition Function Set-NetUDPSetting NetTCPIP Function Show-NetFirewallRule NetSecurity Function Show-NetIPsecRule NetSecurity Function Sync-NetIPsecRule NetSecurity Function Update-NetIPsecRule NetSecurity Cmdlet New-NetIPsecAuthProposal NetSecurity Cmdlet New-NetIPsecMainModeCryptoProposal NetSecurity Cmdlet New-NetIPsecQuickModeCryptoProposal NetSecurity Application CheckNetIsolation.exe Application gatherNetworkInfo.vbs Application inetcpl.cpl Application net.exe Application net1.exe Application netbtugc.exe Application netcfg.exe Application netiougc.exe Application Netplwiz.exe Application netsh.exe Application NETSTAT.EXE
Abiinfot konkreetse käsu kohta annab Get-Help
PS C:\> Get-Help Get-NetAdapter
NAME
Get-NetAdapter
SYNOPSIS
Gets the basic network adapter properties.
.................................................................
To see the examples, type: "get-help Get-Help -examples".
For more information, type: "get-help Get-Help -detailed".
For technical information, type: "get-help Get-Help -full".
For online help, type: "get-help Get-Help -online"
Võrguseadistamise tegevused
Võrguseadmete info
Enne kui saame seadistama asuda on vaja infot millised võrguseadmed meil kasutada on. Lühikese loetelu annab Get-Adapter.
PS C:\> Get-NetAdapter Name InterfaceDescription ifIndex Status MacAddress LinkSpeed ---- -------------------- ------- ------ ---------- --------- Ethernet 3 Intel(R) PRO/1000 MT Desktop Adapter #3 16 Disconnected 08-00-27-D8-97-EE 0 bps Ethernet 2 Intel(R) PRO/1000 MT Desktop Adapter #2 15 Up 08-00-27-43-7D-59 1 Gbps Ethernet Intel(R) PRO/1000 MT Desktop Adapter 12 Up 08-00-27-8F-EC-5E 1 Gbps
IP seadistuse info annab Get-NetIPConfiguration
PS C:\> Get-NetIPConfiguration
InterfaceAlias : Ethernet 2
InterfaceIndex : 15
InterfaceDescription : Intel(R) PRO/1000 MT Desktop Adapter #2
NetProfile.Name : Unidentified network
IPv4Address : 169.254.191.114
IPv6DefaultGateway :
IPv4DefaultGateway :
DNSServer : fec0:0:0:ffff::1
fec0:0:0:ffff::2
fec0:0:0:ffff::3
InterfaceAlias : Ethernet
InterfaceIndex : 12
InterfaceDescription : Intel(R) PRO/1000 MT Desktop Adapter
NetProfile.Name : Network 2
IPv4Address : 10.0.2.15
IPv6DefaultGateway :
IPv4DefaultGateway : 10.0.2.2
DNSServer : 10.59.1.1
InterfaceAlias : Ethernet 3
InterfaceIndex : 16
InterfaceDescription : Intel(R) PRO/1000 MT Desktop Adapter #3
NetAdapter.Status : Disconnected
Võrguseadme sisse ja välja lülitamine
Võrguseadmeid lülitavad käsud Enable-NetAdapter ja Disable-NetAdapter. Mõlemale käsule võib argumendina järgi anda võrguseadme nime. Kui seda ei tehta, siis küsitakse seda interaktiivselt.
PS C:\> Disable-NetAdapter "Ethernet 2" Confirm Are you sure you want to perform this action? Disable-NetAdapter 'Ethernet 2' [Y] Yes [A] Yes to All [N] No [L] No to All [S] Suspend [?] Help (default is "Y"): Y
PS C:\> Enable-NetAdapter cmdlet Enable-NetAdapter at command pipeline position 1 Supply values for the following parameters: Name[0]: ethernet 2 Name[1]: PS C:\>
Võrguseadme IP määramine
Võrguseadmele määrab staatilise IP aadressi koos lisaparameetritega New-NetIPAddress.
PS C:\> New-NetIPAddress -InterfaceAlias "Ethernet 2" -IPAddress 192.168.100.100 -DefaultGateway 192.168.100.1 -PrefixLength 24
- InterfaceAlias' on võrguseadme nimi. Kui nimi sisaldab tühikuid, siis tuleb nimi panna jutumärkide vahele.
- IPAddress on määratav IP aadress
- DefaultGateway on võrgusegmendi lüüs
- PrefixLength on võrgumask bittides (0-32), sisevõrkudes üsna tihti 24.
