Mtr (english)

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Introduction

My traceroute, originally named Matt's traceroute (MTR) is a computer program which combines the functions of the traceroute and ping programs in one network diagnostic tool. There's also a version for Microsoft Windows operating systems called WinMTR


Fundamentals

MTR is licensed under the terms of the GNU General Public License (GPL) and works under modern Unix-like operating systems. It normally works under the text console, but it also has an optional GTK+-based graphical user interface (GUI).

MTR also supports IPv6 and works in a similar manner but instead relies on ICMPv6 messages.

The tool is used for network troubleshooting with ping and traceroute.

Installation

 sudo apt-get install mtr in linux systems or go to website WinMTR and download the package for your Microsoft Windows operating system.


How to use

You can use either the ip address or the domain name to use the program.

Example of how the program looks like: 


                           My traceroute  [v0.82]
localhost (0.0.0.0)                                       Thu May  5 13:15:05 2016
Keys:  Help   Display mode   Restart statistics   Order of fields   quit
                                    Packets               Pings
Host                              Loss%   Snt   Last   Avg  Best  Wrst StDev
1. 85.76.255.253                   0.0%     7    0.5   0.4   0.4   0.5   0.1
2. AT5-0-241.jkyla261-gw.fi.elisa  0.0%     7    0.9   1.4   0.8   4.3   1.3
3. 139.97.94.55                    0.0%     7    0.9   0.9   0.9   1.0   0.1
4. 213.192.186.77                  0.0%     7    1.0   1.3   0.9   2.9   0.7
5. 213.192.186.49                  0.0%     6    2.6   2.7   2.6   2.8   0.1
6. ???
7. mus-sr1-xe-0-0-1-0.ee.estpak.e  0.0%     6    2.9   3.4   2.9   5.4   1.0
8. www.telia.ee                    0.0%     6    2.8   2.9   2.8   3.0   0.1

The meanings of abbreviations:

Host - hostname

Loss - how many percent of the packets are lost

Snt - how many packets are sent

Last - the last ping time of the packet

Avg - average ping time

Best- the fastest ping time

Worst - the slowest ping time

StDev - standard deviation


Keys:

?|h - abi

p - paus

d - muuda kuvamisrežiimi

e - lülita sisse/välja MPLS

n - lülita sisse/välja DNS

r - lähtesta loendurid

o str - määra näidatavad tulbad, vaikimisi 'LRS N BAWV'

j - lülita sisse/välja latentsus(LS NABWV) / jitter(DR AGJMXI)

c <n> - raporti tsüklite arv n, vaikimis n=lõpmatu

i <n> - määra pingi paketi interval n sekundit, vaikimisi n=1

f <n> - määra paketi esialgne eluiga (TTL), vaikimisi n=1

m <n> - määra paketi maksimaalne eluiga, vaikimisi n= # võrgusõlme

s <n> - määra paketi suurus n või juhuslik (n<0)

b <c> - määra ping paketi biti muster c(0..255) or juhuslik(c<0)

Q <t> - määra ping paketi teenuse tüübi (TOS) välja väärtus

u - vaheta ICMP ECHO ja UDP pakettide vahel

y - vaheta IP info

z - lülita sisse/välja ASN info


Süntaks ja parameetrid

Süntaks:[1] 

 mtr [võtmed] hostinimi [paketi  suurus]


Täiendavate võtmete näiteid:[2]

Abi: 

 -h


Näited

Mõne kohapeal võib-olla on kasulik programmi jooksutada ühe tunni jooksul ühe minutiliste intervallidega ning raport suunata tekstifaili. Näiteks: 

 mtr -i 60 -r -c 60 neti.ee > stats.txt

Failis sisu: 

   Start: Sun Dec  8 16:15:08 2013
   HOST: mint                        Loss%   Snt   Last   Avg  Best  Wrst StDev
     1.|-- OpenWrt.lan                0.0%    60    2.7   4.2   0.9  29.2   3.7
     2.|-- ???                       100.0    60    0.0   0.0   0.0   0.0   0.0
     3.|-- 83-169-179-134-isp.superk  0.0%    60   16.6  34.7  10.5 231.2  39.3
     4.|-- 88-134-194-46-dynip.super  0.0%    60   15.4  39.8  11.2 210.7  40.9
     5.|-- 88-134-194-44-dynip.super  0.0%    60   16.4  24.8  11.8  73.1  14.7
     6.|-- 88-134-203-2-dynip.superk  0.0%    60   22.5  27.7  16.0  79.0  11.2
     7.|-- 88-134-237-125-dynip.supe  0.0%    60   32.9  39.2  23.7 157.9  18.5
     8.|-- 88-134-234-157-dynip.supe  0.0%    60   38.5  34.4  23.5  72.0   9.3
     9.|-- ffm-bb1-ge-0-1-3-0.de.eli  0.0%    60   26.2  34.6  20.0 103.0  16.0
    10.|-- kjj-bb2-xe-2-1-3-0.ee.est  0.0%    60  100.3  80.1  64.7 136.2  14.9
    11.|-- ???                       100.0    60    0.0   0.0   0.0   0.0   0.0
    12.|-- kjj-lgw7.ee.estpak.ee      0.0%    60   72.0  80.0  64.8 208.8  19.4
    13.|-- neti.ee                    0.0%    60   71.3  74.8  62.3 116.4   9.4
   (END)


Katsetamiseks proovi ka: 

 mtr 216.81.59.173


Kokkuvõtte

mtr-is on ühendatud ping-i ja traceroute-i võrgudiagnostika tööriistad, seetõttu ei ole vajadust kasutada kahte erinevat käsku ning mtr annab parema ülevaate võrgu olukorrast. mtr võib osutuda kasulikuks tööriistaks tõrkeotsingul sisevõrgus või kui on vaja saata informatsiooni tugiisikule või Internetiteenusepakkujale.

Autor

Tuomas Nieminen CS15, 05.2016


Kasutatud materjalid

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